NPI
Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI)
The Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) is a self-report questionnaire used to measure nonclinical narcissistic traits, mainly in the general population and in personality psychology research. It explores different dimensions of narcissism such as a sense of superiority, need for admiration, authority, exhibitionism, interpersonal exploitativeness, vanity, entitlement, and self-sufficiency.
- Number of questions
- 40 questions
- Estimated duration
- 10 minutes
- Language
- English
- Original name
- Narcissistic Personality Inventory
- Target audience
- Adults
- Authors
- Robert Raskin, Calvin S. Hall, Howard Terry (1979)
Scoring & interpretation
The most widely used version, the NPI-40, comprises 40 forced-choice items with two options per item. Only one answer per item corresponds to the narcissistic pole and receives 1 point; the other receives 0 points. The total score ranges from 0 to 40, with a higher score indicating more narcissistic traits. Some uses also include subscale scores on dimensions such as authority, self-sufficiency, superiority, exhibitionism, exploitativeness, vanity, and entitlement. Interpretation should remain cautious, be compared with available norms, and be integrated into the clinical context, as the NPI does not establish a diagnosis on its own.
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