PBI
Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI)
The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) is a self-report tool that measures a person's perception of parental behaviors, usually on the 'care' and 'overprotection' dimensions, during the first 16 years of their life. The PBI is used to explore the influence of early parental relationships on later psychological development.
- Number of questions
- 25 questions
- Estimated duration
- 10 minutes
- Language
- English
- Original name
- Parental Bonding Instrument
- Target audience
- Adults, adolescents
- Authors
- George Parker, Hilary Tupling, Lyn Brown (1979)
- Category
- Parenting, Adolescent care
Scoring & interpretation
Each item is scored on a scale from 0 to 3, yielding a separate score for the two main dimensions: care and overprotection. High scores on the 'care' factor indicate a positive perception of the parental bond, while a high score on the 'overprotection' factor reflects a perception of excessive parental control. The scores guide the interpretation of the perceived parenting style.
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