Parenting: 14 questionnaires and rating scales

The M-CHAT-R/F is an early autism screening tool designed to identify young children at increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It consists of a questionnaire completed by parents, followed by a follow-up interview for at-risk cases, in order to increase screening accuracy.

The WISC-V is an intelligence scale specifically designed to assess the cognitive abilities of children and adolescents aged 6 to 16. This edition provides a more comprehensive assessment of the different components of intelligence, including verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory and processing speed.

The NEPSY-II is a comprehensive tool for assessing neuropsychological functions in children. It is often used to identify and interpret specific cognitive and behavioral difficulties, such as learning disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders.

The SDQ is a behavioral screening tool designed to assess strengths and difficulties in children and adolescents (aged 4 to 17). This questionnaire is completed by parents or guardians. It covers several dimensions: emotional symptoms, conduct, hyperactivity/attention, peer relationships and prosocial behavior.

The BASC-3 is a multidimensional assessment tool for analyzing and understanding a child's behaviors, emotions and perceptions across different settings. It is used to assess behavior problems and emotional disorders in children and adolescents.

The PSDQ is a self-report questionnaire designed to assess parenting styles according to the three main categories of child-rearing: authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive. It helps clarify the different dimensions of parenting practices in order to guide psychoeducational intervention or research.

The IPPA-R is a self-report questionnaire assessing adolescents' perceived quality of attachment to their parents and peers. It measures dimensions such as trust, communication, and alienation. This tool identifies young people's perspectives on the quality of their interpersonal relationships, which is useful in clinical assessment or in research on socio-emotional development.

The EMBU-C is a self-report questionnaire for children, designed to explore how they perceive their parents' rearing attitudes. It measures four core dimensions of perceived parenting style separately for the father and for the mother: emotional warmth, rejection, control attempts or overprotection, and favoring of the child. The tool is mainly used in clinical psychology and research to document the child's relational experience, better understand the links between perceived parenting practices and emotional or behavioral symptoms, and enrich the assessment of the family context.

The PBA is a self-report questionnaire designed to identify and measure parental burnout in mothers and fathers. It explores four clinically central dimensions of the syndrome: exhaustion in one's parental role, contrast with the parent the person used to be, feelings of being fed up with one's parental role, and emotional distancing from one's children. Its brief format, good psychometric validity, and the availability of clinical benchmarks make it a useful tool for screening, initial assessment, monitoring of progress, and research. It helps objectify the intensity of parental burnout but should not be used alone to reach a diagnosis without a clinical interview and an analysis of the family context.

The APQ is designed to assess various aspects of parenting practices, including parental involvement, supervision, positive discipline, inconsistent discipline, and monitoring. Several versions exist, including a child self-report version, a parent version, and an adolescent version. The tool is frequently used to assess the links between parenting and behavioral disorders.

The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) is a self-report tool that measures a person's perception of parental behaviors, usually on the 'care' and 'overprotection' dimensions, during the first 16 years of their life. The PBI is used to explore the influence of early parental relationships on later psychological development.

The Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC) is a self-report tool designed to measure parental sense of competence, including perceived efficacy and satisfaction in the parenting role. Commonly used in research and clinical interventions, it aims to assess the extent to which parents feel capable and satisfied with their performance as parents.

The Parenting Scale is a self-report instrument designed to measure maladaptive parenting practices, particularly in managing young children's difficult behaviors. It enables psychologists to identify problematic parenting styles such as permissiveness, harshness or inconsistency, and to adapt clinical support accordingly.

The PAAI is a semi-structured interview designed to explore an adult's representation of attachment to their own parents during childhood, as well as its influence on current parenting. It is a qualitative tool, mainly used in research and sometimes in clinical practice for profiling parental attachment.